PhosFate模型(Kovacs et al. 2008)是一种用来模拟流域和河网内水文、土壤流失、点源、面源污染P排放及其输移的GIS工具。通过流域尺度的模拟计算,减少侵蚀和面源污染营养盐排放。模型融合了单个经验模型和边界清晰的物理集水区模型的优势,它由已有的独立的方法构建而来,这些独立的方法通过适当的修正、延展,最后被整合到一个通用的模型框架中。
关于空间变异性,PhosFate忽略河水流动、水质成份,模型所有的输入与结果都是“长期平均值”。
PhosFate模型主要分为两部分:侵蚀/排放和输移子模型。 模型的输入数据如下(针对水文和侵蚀模拟): n 数字地图( 海拔、土地利用类型、物理表土质量、腐殖质含量) n 气象资料(时间尺度内的平均降水、与不同降雨强度相关的降雨分布、平均潜在蒸散量、温度和风速) n 点源信息(水库的位置和运作容积)
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